Learn
HbA1c Explained: Normal Range and What Your Result Means
Your 3-month blood sugar average, explained simply
One number that tells the bigger story behind your blood sugar.
HbA1c (also called A1C) reflects your average blood sugar over the past 2–3 months. A normal HbA1c is below 5.7%. Levels of 5.7–6.4% may suggest prediabetes, and 6.5% or higher is in the diabetes range.
What It Means
Sugar in your blood sticks to a protein in red blood cells. HbA1c measures how much it has stuck — giving an average view, not just a snapshot.
Why It Matters
Because it averages months of data, HbA1c is harder to game with a single 'good' day. It's one of the main numbers used to screen for and manage diabetes.
What Is Normal
Below 5.7% is considered normal for most adults. Targets for people already living with diabetes are individualised by their care team.
When To Pay Attention
A result of 5.7–6.4% may suggest prediabetes — often a strong signal that lifestyle changes can help. 6.5% or higher generally meets the threshold for diabetes and should be reviewed with a clinician.
Common questions
What is a normal HbA1c?
An HbA1c below 5.7% is generally considered normal for adults without diabetes.
Can HbA1c go down?
Yes. Many people lower their HbA1c with changes to diet, activity, sleep and — when prescribed — medication.
Do I need to fast for an HbA1c test?
No. Unlike a fasting glucose test, HbA1c does not require fasting because it reflects an average over months.
How often should HbA1c be checked?
It depends on your situation. People with diabetes are often checked every 3–6 months; for screening, your doctor will advise based on risk.